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January 30th, 1972 is remembered as one of the most fatal – and consequential – days during thirty years of unrest in this area.

Throughout the area where it happened – the images of that fateful day are displayed on the buildings and etched in people's minds.

A protest demonstration was organized on a chilly yet clear afternoon in Londonderry.

The protest was challenging the policy of detention without trial – detaining individuals without due process – which had been put in place following three years of violence.

Military personnel from the elite army unit fatally wounded 13 people in the district – which was, and continues to be, a strongly Irish nationalist area.

One image became especially memorable.

Pictures showed a clergyman, the priest, waving a blood-stained white handkerchief in his effort to protect a crowd moving a youth, Jackie Duddy, who had been killed.

Journalists captured considerable film on the day.

Historical records contains the priest explaining to a journalist that military personnel "gave the impression they would fire in all directions" and he was "absolutely certain" that there was no provocation for the discharge of weapons.

That version of events wasn't accepted by the first inquiry.

The Widgery Tribunal concluded the Army had been shot at first.

During the negotiation period, the administration established another inquiry, in response to advocacy by surviving kin, who said the first investigation had been a inadequate investigation.

In 2010, the findings by the investigation said that overall, the soldiers had fired first and that none of the victims had presented danger.

At that time head of state, the leader, issued an apology in the Parliament – stating fatalities were "unjustified and inexcusable."

Law enforcement commenced look into the events.

One former paratrooper, identified as the defendant, was prosecuted for murder.

Indictments were filed regarding the deaths of James Wray, in his twenties, and twenty-six-year-old another victim.

The accused was further implicated of seeking to harm multiple individuals, other civilians, further individuals, another person, and an unnamed civilian.

Remains a judicial decision protecting the veteran's anonymity, which his lawyers have maintained is required because he is at threat.

He told the Saville Inquiry that he had exclusively discharged his weapon at persons who were carrying weapons.

The statement was dismissed in the final report.

Information from the inquiry could not be used directly as testimony in the legal proceedings.

In the dock, the veteran was screened from view with a privacy screen.

He addressed the court for the initial occasion in the proceedings at a session in that month, to answer "not responsible" when the allegations were presented.

Kin of those who were killed on the incident made the trip from Derry to the judicial building each day of the proceedings.

A family member, whose relative was killed, said they understood that hearing the trial would be difficult.

"I visualize everything in my mind's eye," the relative said, as we examined the main locations discussed in the proceedings – from the location, where the victim was shot dead, to the nearby the area, where James Wray and the second person were fatally wounded.

"It reminds me to my position that day.

"I participated in moving my brother and put him in the vehicle.

"I experienced again every moment during the proceedings.

"But even with enduring all that – it's still valuable for me."